Within bird populations, either wild or domestic, the spread of the diseases is well understood.  Like a sick human, birds shed the virus through saliva, feces or other bodily excretions, which then come into contact with and infect healthy animals.  So far, the majority of infections in humans have come from direct contact with infected domestic poultry and not through person to person communication.  When a wild bird passes away, scavenger animals consume it, and nearby areas are contaminated by infectious excretions to be picked up by the next living thing.  As the virus passes through a flock of birds and into new species, the chances for mutations increase.  Research into vaccines is being conducted, as poultry plays a major part in the US economy.  So far, raising awareness of the risks, close monitoring and strict reporting regulations are keeping outbreaks under control.

If you're an avid birdwatcher who enjoys feeding feathered visitors, make sure to clean your bird feeders regularly. Disinfecting feeders and baths weekly with a diluted bleach solution will help prevent the transmission of the virus among birds.  Consider removing bird feeders and baths during periods of reported outbreaks.  This typically occurs in the spring and fall when natural food sources are readily available to the birds.  If you see a sick bird with any discharge coming from nares (nostrils) or eyes, report it immediately to your regional wildlife or agricultural department and alert your local wildlife rehabilitator.  While there are no designated treatments available, a rehabber may be able to help manage symptoms, or at least end suffering.  Ideally, the infected animal is removed from the area as soon as possible to prevent it from infecting others.

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By understanding the gravity of the situation and taking proactive measures in our own homes, we can contribute to the broader efforts aimed at preserving the well-being of our feathered friends and the diverse array of species that share our planet. In the face of adversity, collective action and individual responsibility, we can pave the way for a healthier, harmonious coexistence with the natural world.